The digital image and its formats

Pixel, definition, resolution, colour depth and alpha channel; raster or vector images; lossless and lossy compression; BMP, PNG, GIF, JPEG and SVG, and what each is used for.

  • 28 cards
  • 5 topics
  • Free

The outline, topic by topic

Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.

  1. Concepts
  2. Questions
  3. Sort and link
  4. The numbers
  5. Scenarios

A few cards from the deck

  • Pixel: what is it?

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    The smallest element of a raster image: one cell of the grid, carrying a single colour.

    A raster image is just an array of pixels; zooming in far enough shows the cells and their flat colour.

  • How many distinct colours can a pixel take with an 8-bit indexed palette?

    • 256
    • 8
    • 65,536
    • 16,777,216
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    256

    8 bits give 2⁸ = 256 values, hence at most 256 colours. 65,536 matches 16 bits, 16,777,216 matches 24 bits.

  • Run-length encoding (RLE) replaces each sequence of identical pixels with its … and its value: the line BBBBNNBBB becomes ….

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    Run-length encoding (RLE) replaces each sequence of identical pixels with its length and its value: the line BBBBNNBBB becomes 4B 2N 3B.

    It saves a lot on large flat areas, but on a line that alternates BNBN every pixel costs a count: the file grows.

  • Raster image: what is it?

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    An image described by a grid of pixels, each with its own colour.

    It suits photos, but enlarged beyond its definition it turns blurry or blocky: the missing pixels are invented.