Links and images in HTML

The a element and its addresses (absolute, relative, anchor, mailto, tel), the img element and its alternative text, the figure/figcaption caption and the choice of image format.

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Hyperlink: what is it?
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An a element whose href attribute gives the destination address; a click on its content goes there.
Without href, an a is no longer a link: it leads nowhere and the Tab key no longer stops on it. The link text must make sense on its own, not "click here".
From blog/2024/article.html, which file does href="../index.html" open?
- blog/index.html
- index.html à la racine du site
- blog/2024/index.html
- 2024/index.html
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blog/index.html
The path starts from the folder of the current file, blog/2024/. .. goes up one level, to blog/, then index.html is opened. To reach the root you would need two (../../index.html) or a leading /.
An address starting with https:// is an … URL; one that only gives a path from the current file is a … URL.
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An address starting with https:// is an absolute URL; one that only gives a path from the current file is a relative URL.
Use an absolute URL to point to another site, a relative one to point to a file in the same site.
Relative URL: what is it?
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An address that only gives the path to follow from the location of the current file, such as images/logo.png or ../index.html.
It stays valid when the site changes domain. .. goes up one folder, and a path starting with / begins at the root of the site.

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