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The domain model

The conceptual classes taken from the business vocabulary, their attributes, named associations and multiplicities: an analysis model, with no methods and no technical choices.

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  • Domain model: what is it?

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    A representation of the business notions and the links between them, drawn from the client's vocabulary and independent of any technical choice.

    It is the shared language between the client and the team: it holds classes, attributes and associations, never methods, screens or tables.

  • A student takes several lessons; a lesson concerns a single student. Which multiplicities go on the Student-Lesson association?

    • 1 at the Student end, 0..* at the Lesson end
    • 0..* at the Student end, 1 at the Lesson end
    • 1..* at the Student end, 1..* at the Lesson end
    • 0..* at the Student end, 0..* at the Lesson end
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    1 at the Student end, 0..* at the Lesson end

    The multiplicity at one end is read starting from the other class: for a given student, how many lessons? 0..*, written at the Lesson end. For a given lesson, how many students? One, written at the Student end. Swapping them is the most common mistake.

  • In a domain model, classes carry attributes but no …: behaviour is a matter for design.

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    In a domain model, classes carry attributes but no method: behaviour is a matter for design.

    Analysis describes what the business knows, not how the software will do it. Methods arrive with the design class diagram.

  • Conceptual class: what is it?

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    A business notion found in the client's vocabulary, whose instances we want to keep track of: a student, a lesson, a vehicle.

    It is first looked for among the nouns of the business description. A component of the software (screen, database) is not one.

  • A Lesson-Vehicle association has 0..1 at the Vehicle end. What does it mean?

    • A lesson always uses exactly one vehicle
    • A lesson uses at most one vehicle, and sometimes none (a theory lesson)
    • A vehicle can serve only one lesson
    • A lesson uses one or more vehicles
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    A lesson uses at most one vehicle, and sometimes none (a theory lesson)

    The 0 makes the link optional, the 1 caps it at one. What is counted is vehicles for a given lesson, because the multiplicity is written at the Vehicle end.

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