The structure of an HTML document
The fixed skeleton of a web page: doctype, html, head and body, the vocabulary of markup (element, tag, attribute, empty element) and the tree the browser builds from it.
- 24 cards
- 5 topics
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The outline, topic by topic
Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.
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A few cards from the deck
HTML element: what is it?
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A unit made of an opening tag, some content and a closing tag, such as
<p>Hello</p>;<br>or<img>only have their opening tag.A page is a nesting of elements. Do not confuse the element (the whole
<p>Hello</p>) with its tags (<p>and</p>).What is wrong with this code?
```html
<p>Ce texte est <em>très important</p></em>`- The tags overlap:
</em>must come before</p> emcannot be inside ap- The
emis missing aclassattribute </p>must be placed after a line break
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The tags overlap:
</em>must come before</p>Elements must nest like Russian dolls: the last one opened is the first one closed. Here
emopens insidep, so it must close before it:<p>This text is <em>very important</em></p>.- The tags overlap:
In a page, the … element holds information about the document (title, encoding, style sheets) and the … element holds what is displayed in the window.
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In a page, the head element holds information about the document (title, encoding, style sheets) and the body element holds what is displayed in the window.
Both are direct children of
html, in this order. Nothing meant to be displayed belongs inhead.Tag: what is it?
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Text between angle brackets that opens or closes an element:
<h1>opens,</h1>closes.The closing tag repeats the name of the opening tag preceded by a slash. Only the opening tag can carry attributes.