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The geologic time scale

The 3 eras and 12 periods of the Phanerozoic, from the Cambrian to the Quaternary: each period's era and age, and the one that follows it. On the back, what happened then (Cambrian explosion, extinctions, dinosaurs, the genus Homo). Ages rounded from the International Commission on Stratigraphy's chart.

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  • 3 topics
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The outline, topic by topic

Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.

  1. Paleozoic
  2. Mesozoic
  3. Cenozoic

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  • The Paleozoic era

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    from 539 to 252 million years ago

    Its periods: Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian.

  • The Mesozoic era

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    from 252 to 66 million years ago

    Its periods: Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous.

  • The Cenozoic era

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    since 66 million years ago

    Its periods: Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary.

  • The Cambrian

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    Paleozoic, from 539 to 485 million years ago

    The Cambrian explosion: most major animal groups appear.

  • The Ordovician

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    Paleozoic, from 485 to 444 million years ago

    First land plants; it ends in a mass extinction.

  • The Silurian

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    Paleozoic, from 444 to 419 million years ago

    First jawed fish and first vascular plants.

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