Teaching approaches

Behaviourism, constructivism, social constructivism, part and whole methods, differentiation: how we make pupils learn.

The outline, topic by topic

Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.

Behaviourism: what is it?
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Learning by associating a response with its reinforcement (Skinner).
In PE: precise instructions, repetition, positive feedback.
A teacher pairs pupils: one shoots, the other observes with a sheet then advises. Which approach?
- Social constructivism
- Behaviourism
- The part method
- Teaching by demonstration
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Social constructivism
Peer interactions drive learning.
Constructivism: what is it?
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Pupils build knowledge by acting on their environment (Piaget).
In PE: a problem situation pupils solve.
Why does the whole method suit team sports better?
- Their skills are closed and always repeated the same way
- The skill only makes sense with team-mates, opponents and the target
- It has pupils master each skill on its own before playing
- It frees the teacher from giving any instruction or correction
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The skill only makes sense with team-mates, opponents and the target
A perfect pass without a defender does not prepare for the match.