Feedback

Knowledge of results and of performance, intrinsic and extrinsic feedback, and why too much feedback harms learning.

The outline, topic by topic

Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.

Intrinsic feedback: what is it?
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Information learners receive through their own senses during and after the movement.
Feeling the foot strike the ball is one.
A coach comments on every one of his player's 50 serves. What does he risk?
- She becomes dependent and retains less
- She retains better thanks to repeated advice
- She improves faster long term
- She does worse during the session
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She becomes dependent and retains less
This is the guidance hypothesis.
Extrinsic feedback: what is it?
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Information added by an outside source: a coach, a video, a stopwatch.
It complements sensations, it does not replace them.
Why ask pupils what they felt before correcting?
- To replace the teacher's feedback for good
- To develop their own error detection from their sensations
- To check that they remembered the instruction
- To give them time to recover
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To develop their own error detection from their sensations
Autonomy comes from better-read intrinsic feedback.
Knowledge of results (KR): what is it?
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Feedback on the outcome: success, failure, distance, time.
"Your throw is 32 m."