Queueing

Kendall notation, then the M/M/1 queue end to end: utilisation, stability, mean number of customers, time in system and waiting time, Little's law, and a service that clogs up.

  • 27 cards
  • 6 topics
  • Free

The outline, topic by topic

Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.

  1. Concepts
  2. Questions
  3. Sort and link
  4. The numbers
  5. Scenarios
  6. Understand

A few cards from the deck

  • Kendall notation: what is it?

    Show the answer

    The A/B/c notation of a queue: the arrival distribution (A), the service-time distribution (B) and the number of servers (c).

    M means "memoryless" (Poisson arrivals, exponential service): M/M/3 has three servers and one queue. D denotes a fixed service time.

  • What does the notation M/M/3 describe?

    • Poisson arrivals, exponential services, three servers
    • Three separate queues in front of a single shared server
    • A queue whose capacity is limited to three customers present
    • Three customer classes, each served in its own queue
    Show the answer

    Poisson arrivals, exponential services, three servers

    The third symbol is the number of servers. A limited capacity is written in fourth position, for example M/M/1/K.

  • In a stable M/M/1 queue, utilisation is ρ = … and the mean number of customers in the system is L = ….

    Show the answer

    In a stable M/M/1 queue, utilisation is ρ = λ/μ and the mean number of customers in the system is L = ρ/(1 − ρ).

    L blows up as ρ approaches 1: at ρ = 0.5 there is 1 customer, at 0.9 there are 9, at 0.99 there are 99.

  • M/M/1 queue: what is it?

    Show the answer

    A single-server queue where arrivals follow a Poisson process of rate λ and service times follow an exponential distribution of rate μ.

    This is the basic model: it yields closed formulas for waiting, which serve as a benchmark for more complex systems.