The gymnastics methods
Amoros, Ling, Jahn, Demenÿ, Hébert: the great methods of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, their aims and their legacy for physical education.
- 21 cards
- 4 topics
- Free
The outline, topic by topic
Each topic is weighted the way the exam weighs it.
- Concepts
- Sort and link
- Scenarios
- Understand
A few cards from the deck
Francisco Amoros: what is it?
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A Spanish colonel settled in France, founder of a military and moral gymnastics at the Gymnase normal militaire (1820).
His gymnasium at Grenelle, the Gymnase normal, militaire et civil, opened in late 1819, used apparatus work and moral songs to train a useful soldier and citizen.
A 1910s teacher has pupils run, climb and throw outdoors on a course. Which method is he following?
- Hébert's natural method
- Swedish gymnastics
- Jahn's Turnen
- Amoros's gymnastics
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Hébert's natural method
The obstacle course comes straight from Hébert.
Per Henrik Ling: what is it?
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Swede, founder of an analytical gymnastics, body part by body part, with medical and corrective aims.
It inspired French school gymnastics in the early twentieth century.
Why did these methods clash in France around 1900?
- They prescribed the same exercises under different names
- Their founders fought over patents on their apparatus
- Sport, still unknown in France, could not settle the matter
- Each defended a different aim: the soldier, health, the nation or usefulness
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Each defended a different aim: the soldier, health, the nation or usefulness
This was the "quarrel of methods", before sport took over at school.